The factors of the endless cyberattacks and Malaysia's perspective in securitizing cyberspace

The aims of this study are; (1) to investigate the evolving technologies in cyberspace, (2) to explore the human error in contributing to cyberattacks, and (3) to study the trends of cyberattacks in Malaysia. This research uses a comprehensive literature review under the case study in qualitative research method to study the development of cyberspace which is vulnerable to cyberattacks. the finding of this research demonstrates Malaysia improve its cybersecurity through the creation of the Malaysia Cyber Security Strategy 2020-2024 which is in line with the current context in cyberspace. The initiative taken by the Malaysia government can be adapted to the securitization process. Nevertheless, this study can be used as conceptual research to analyze the challenges of states' boundaries through cyberspace.