The form of internal threat after independence : the continuosly impact on Malaysia's national security

Since gaining independence in 1957, Malaysia has faced various internal threats that have posed significant challenges to its national security. These threats have evolved over the decades, reflecting the changing socio-political landscape of the country. This article provides an overview of the key forms of internal threats that have impacted Malaysia's national security. The Malayan Emergency and 13 May 1969 Racial Riots became the most significant threats to Malaysia's national security not only after the independence but continuously give impact to Malaysia until the present days. In the years immediately following independence, Malaysia faced a significant threat from the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM). The insurgency which began in the late 1940 persisted into the 1980s involving guerrilla warfare and acts of sabotage. The government's counter insurgency measures including the establishment of the New Villages and various security operations were crucial in eventually neutralizing this threat. Besides that, Malaysia is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious country and maiganing harmony among its diverse population has been a persistent challenge. Periodic ethnic clashes such as the May 13 riots in 1969 highlight the volatility of ethnic relations. Additionally religious tension often exacerbated by political rhetoric and policies favoring one group over others continue to threaten social cohesion. The Malayan Emergency and 13 May 1969 Racial Riots bring to the current political instability that threatened national security with episodes of political violence and unrest. This article employs a qualitative approach to elucidate the threats, utilizing NVivo 12 software for data analysis. It concludes by highlighting the significance and relevancy of the threats on Malaysia nowdays.