Evaluating the Supply Crain Concept of Vehicle Distribution in the Malaysian Army

The Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a concept of the Army in delivering their services and product including food, mechanics, vehicle, spare part and equipment to the subordinates with satisfaction during wartime and peacetime. The efficiencies of SCM will reduce a logistic cost and eliminating inefficiencies process through improvement of customer services’ level and internal operating. The Headquarters Army Logistic Command (HQ ALC) was a main entity to manage the Malaysian Army (MA) requirement including human resource development, intelligence, operation and training and logistic. The implementation of SCM in the MA is required to increased order-to- delivery (OTD) time especially for truck 3 tonner distribution which a highly demand to move the force to the area of operation. The vehicle distribution in the MA required a long time process and bureaucracy start from demand, budgeting, procurement and distribution. Therefore, the combination of distribution model from international car manufactured will improve the MA vehicle distribution process to be more competitive and achieved the concept OTD time and reduce the bureaucracy. The model includes Model-Based Performance Engineering and Automotive Supply Chain Model. Model-Based Performance Engineering was using the stochastic Petri Nets as a basis model in distribution concepts which make-to-stock and assemble-to-stock was become a primary concern with collaboration with supplier to implemented just- in-time stock delivery. Automotive Supply Chain Model focused on the lean manufacturing and just-in-time inventory to allow manufacturing react on any changing customer demand. The distribution model were dealing with the internal and external suppliers; and established the relationship with the potential customers to achieved competitive advantage and sustaining the products or services in the marketplace. The inventory management control methods include Make-To-Stock System (MTS), Make-To-Order System (MTO), Just-In-Time (JIT) and warehousing management was the strategic approach in managing the flow of vehicle distribution through SCM network. T^e implementation ofMTO and MTS concept required the various internal and external capability including financial, facilities, human resources and suppliers commitment in order to maintain the OTD time. Besides, the technology will assist the implementation of JIT concept towards distribution of the vehicle processes which comprehensive warehousing system is required to ensure the cost of operation can be minimize and achieved the customer satisfaction. The vehicle distribution model in the MA required close cooperationwith Army HQ and HQ ALC to synchronized the policy and procedure of demand, budgeting, procurement and distribution in order to achieved the OTD time and reducing the management cost. The ability to implement the MA vehicle distribution model will increased the satisfaction among the subordinates and improves the Army readiness by minimizing physical flow; innovate flow of operational and planning; improve strategic planning using make-to-stock, make-to-order and Just In Time concepts; and develop ICT function.

Konsep Pengurusan Rantaian Bekalan (PRB) adalah konsep Tentera Darat (TD) dalam memberikan perkhidmatan dan produk mereka termasuk makanan, mekanik, kenderaan, alat ganti dan peralatan kepada anggota bawahan dengan kepuasan semasa waktu perang dan masa damai. Keberkesanan pelaksanaan PRB dapat mengurangkan kos logistik dan menghilangkan proses ketidakcekapan melalui peningkatan tahap perkhidmatan pelanggan dan operasi dalaman. Markas Pemerintahan Logistik TD (MPL TD) adalah entiti yang memainkan peranan dalam pengurusan logistik termasuk pembangunan sumber manusia, perisikan, operasi, latihandan logistik. Tujuan mempraktiskan konsep PRB dalam TD adaM untuk mempercepatkan masa Order-to-delivery (OTD) terutamanya bagi trak 3 ton yang sering mendapat permintaan tinggi daripada pasukan TD terutama menggerakkan trup ke kawasan operasi atau latihan. Pemerhatian mendapati proses pengagihan dalam TD menjadi faktor kepada kelewatan perolehan kenderaan oleh pasukan bermula dari permohonan, belanjawan perolehan, pembelian dan pengagihan. Oleh itu, Model-Based Performance Engineering dan Automotive Supply Chain Model yang telah diaplikasi oleh syarikat kenderaan terkemuka Cuba diperkenalkan dalam TD untuk meningkatkan kecekapan masa OTD terutama dalam pengagihan kenderaan trak 3 ton. Model-Based Performance Engineering telah menggunakan Model Stochastic Petri Nets sebagai konsep asas dalam pengagihan yang menekankan aspek make-to-stock dan assemble-to-stock. Kaliberasi di antara pengilang dan pembekal bahan mentah secara just-in-time (JIT) adalah penting agar bekalan tidak putus. Automotive Supply Chain Model pula menitikberatkan aspek lean manufacturing dan JIT dalam konsep pengagihan agar dapat member! reaksi segera ke atas perubahan permintaan. Kaedah kawalan inventor! ini mampu meningkatkan pengurusan warehousing terutama pengagihan kenderaan melalui rangkaian PRB. Pelaksanaan konsep MTO dan MTS memerlukan pelbagai kemampuan dalaman dan luaran termasuk sumber kewangan, kemudahan, sumber manusia dan komitmen pembekal untuk mengekalkan waktu OTD. Justeru, model pengagihan kenderaan di dalam TD memerlukan kerjasama luas antara MK TD bersama MPL TD; dan dasar dan prosedur yang diselaraskan permintaan, penganggaran, perolehan dan pengedaran untuk memastikan waktu OTD dapat dicapai dan mengurangkan kos pengurusan. Keupayaan untuk melaksanakan model pengagihan ini akan meningkatkan kepuasan di kalangan bawahan dan meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan Tentera Darat. Antara pendekatan yang dicadangkan adalah meminimumkan aliran fizikal proses penghantaran; membuat inovasi ke atas operasi dan rancangan penghantaran kenderaan; meningkatkan keupayaan perancangan strategi dengan melaksanakan konsep make-to-stock, make-to-order dm Just In Time; dan membangunkan fimgsi ICT agar semua pihak dapat membuat pemantauan ke atas prosess penghantaran kenderaan.