The effect of Covid-19 Pandemic towards political, economic and security instability from Kesban perspectives

On January 12, 2020 the world was shocked by the discovery of a new virus case known as Novel Corona Virus 19 or known as COVID-19. The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that COVID-19 was caused by a respiratory disease by a group of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on December 31, 2019. In this regard, Malaysia is not exempt from getting the deadly virus. Unlike the SARS outbreak in 2003, the case death ratio for COVID-19 was much lower, but its prevalence was much greater, with a significant number of deaths. Malaysia reported its first three cases on January 25, 2020, all of which were Chinese nationals who had visited the country. By January 30, 2020, the number of cases had increased to eight people. The spread of the pandemic continued to worry until Malaysia issued a directive for the Movement Control Order (MCO) to be held on March 18, 2020, this is to curb the spread of the epidemic and indirectly reduce cases of infection and death as a result of COVID-19. With this MCO, all daily movements and activities involving the public have been blocked and stopped immediately. Apart from the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) being deployed to carry out this directive, the Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) was also deployed to assist other security agencies. In relation to that, a series of MCO's have been implemented depending on the current situation of COVID-19 in Malaysia, this directive continues to be implemented to this day. Indirectly, based on the relatively long period ofMCO's, together with this dangerous virus, it has caused several side effects to the country, especially involving the economy, politics and security of Malaysia. The effects of this virus will threaten the stability of Malaysia in general. This research paper is held to analyse the approach and actions taken by Malaysia in facing COVID-19 from the point of view of KESBAN Strategy. The two main elements referenced from the previous KESBAN Strategy Framework are from the Internal Security (IS) and Internal Development (IDEV) doctrines. These two doctrines are the main reference that is fully adopted by the government in producing some policies and actions of Malaysia that can have an impact in the short term as well as long term. In this research paper, the matters or actions that will be focused on are from the aspect of IS doctrine, including National Security Policy (NSP), National Defence Policy (NDP) and Defence White Paper (DWP). While for IDEV the doctrine involves the National Recovery Plan (NRP), the Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 and Five Economic Corridors. Apart from that, throughout this research paper, it uses references from the concept of national security and human security which can help to unravel every problem that arises in producing this research paper. It is further strengthened by looking at the policies used by Malaysia are closely related to the reference of the KESBAN Strategy and adapted to a new strategy in the implementation of KESBAN Strategies. This research was conducted to see the effectiveness of each action plan based on policy by Malaysia in facing COVID-19 in ensuring the stability of the country can be guaranteed and implemented. In addition, this project paper will try to provide new suggestions and concepts that can be used by Malaysia from the aspect of new policy approaches and methods that are more effective and efficient in dealing with the COVID-19 virus.